English Grammar Guide


The Present Perfect Tense: Irregular Verbs


Grammar - The Present Perfect Tense: Irregular Verbs

Some verbs are irregular. We do not add -ed. They have different verb forms.

  • IRREGULAR VERB (V3) = INFINITIVE-ed ✘
  • eat → eated ✘
  • INFINITIVE → IRREGULAR VERB ✔
  • eat → eaten ✔
  • She has eaten crocodile before? ✔

Forms - The Present Perfect Tense: Irregular Verbs

Here is a list of past participles (V3) for irregular verbs in the present perfect tense:

INF.PAST (V2)PAST PART. (V3)
bewas/werebeen
becomebecamebecome
beginbeganbegun
betbetbet
blowblewblown
breakbrokebroken
bringbroughtbrought
buildbuiltbuilt
buyboughtbought
catchcaughtcaught
choosechosechosen
comecamecome
costcostcost
INF.PAST (V2)PAST PART. (V3)
cutcutcut
dodiddone
drawdrewdrawn
drinkdrankdrunk
drivedrovedriven
eatateeaten
fallfellfallen
feedfedfed
feelfeltfelt
findfoundfound
flyflewflown
forgetforgotforgotten
INF.PAST (V2)PAST PART. (V3)
getgotgot
givegavegiven
gowentgone
growgrewgrown
havehadhad
hearheardheard
hidehidhidden
hithithit
holdheldheld
keepkeptkept
knowknewknown
learnlearntlearnt

⚠ Be Careful!

  • Finished trip or journey: gone ✘
  • Finished trip or journey: been ✔
  • I have gone to the Pyramids before. ✘
  • I have been to the Pyramids before. ✔
  • Trip or journey, not finished: gone ✔
  • He has gone to the ATM. He'll be back later. ✔
  • Mode of transport: gone ✔
  • I have gone to London by car before. ✔

⚠ Be Careful!

  • gotten/learned = American English
  • got/learnt = British English
INF.PAST (V2)PAST PART. (V3)
leaveleftleft
lendlentlent
letletlet
loselostlost
makemademade
meetmetmet
paypaidpaid
putputput
readread ("red")read ("red")
rideroderidden
ringrangrung
runranrun

⚠ Be Careful!

  • The pronunciation of read is "red" for the past participle. It is the same pronunciation as the colour red.
INF.PAST (V2)PAST PART. (V3)
saysaidsaid
seesawseen
sellsoldsold
sendsentsent
shakeshookshaken
shootshotshot
showshowedshown
singsangsung
sitsatsat
sleepsleptslept
speakspokespoken
spellspeltspelt

⚠ Be Careful!

  • spelled = American English
  • spelt = British English
INF.PAST (V2)PAST PART. (V3)
spendspentspent
standstoodstood
stealstolestolen
swimswamswum
taketooktaken
teachtaughttaught
telltoldtold
thinkthoughtthought
throwthrewthrown
understandunderstoodunderstood
wakewokewoken
wearworeworn
winwonwon
writewrotewritten
Symbols & Abbreviations
=Same as
✔Correct
✘Incorrect
INF.Infinitive
PART.Past Participle
V2Past Verb
V3Past Participle

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See Also

01) Be in the Present Simple Tense: am/are/is

02) The Present Simple Tense: Verb Forms

03) Be in the Past Simple Tense: was/were

04) The Past Simple Tense: Regular Verbs

05) The Past Simple Tense: Irregular Verbs

06) The Present Perfect Tense: Regular Verbs

07) The Present Perfect Tense: Contractions

08) The Present Perfect Tense: Negatives

09) The Present Perfect Tense: Open Questions

10) The Present Perfect Tense: Closed Questions & Short Answers

11) The Present Perfect Tense vs the Past Simple Tense

12) The Present Perfect Tense: yet/already/still/just

13) The Present Perfect Tense: How long?

14) The Present Perfect Tense vs the Past Simple Tense: How long?

15) Past Habits vs Present Perfect: use to




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